Stewart: Hi!
Tom Harrer (peace be upon him) of White Wings III and I worked both on this forum and by e-mail to come up with target figures for standing rig tension.
Tom had the practice of pulling the mast of WWIII at the end of each season, because the water in the Great Lakes turned solid. So being able to replicate pretension in the rig reliably at the start of a new sailing season was important. I was interested in pre-tension that would minimise working or pumping by the bowsprit and mast. Tom loved sailing WWIII to her top performance, so he and WWIII tested close hauled performance and concluded that it was not compromised by the tension.
Tom and I recognised that rig tension does not necessarily deliver better on-the-wind sailing performance (in other words, yes, I’m familiar with scientific tests showing that slack rigs can beat to weather as fast if not ever so slightly faster than tight rigs due to beneficial effects of forestay sag in certain conditions). It’s the rig and sail geometry, not the pre-tension in the shrouds and stays, that is decisive for performance. The pre-tension is to stabilise the spars and keep them in column. Masthead rigs are built for pre-tension. BCC hulls are built to take the pre-tension. Don’t try this with a lightly built hull and a fractional rig.
Tom and I used Loos gauges - the less expensive ones, not the professional models. And we talked in Loos gauge figures, not pounds.force or kg.force. The gauges do have a table that converts between gauge figures and pounds.force. Some of the figures are a range, not a single figure - that’s when we couldn’t find any difference in performance etc.
A determined search of the forum should find some of our conversations. But to make things quick (now that I’ve put the qualifications on the record), here are figures for your guidance (not to be worshipped):
Whisker stays: 37 - 39
Staysail stay: 42
Cap shroud: 41
Intermediate shrouds: 39
Lower forward shrouds: 37
Lower aft shrouds: 37
Backstay: 47
Any one Loos gauge should deliver repeatable tensions. Loos quotes accuracy figures of + or - 3% at mid-range of the scale of a gauge and + or - 5% over the range of the scale.
In the forthcoming version of Zygote’s word list you’ll find mention of Augustus W. Loos, the founder of the company, and Donald J Jordan who invented those inexpensive tensiometers.
In all her years of sailing with those rig tensions, including in a few nasty squalls and rough ocean conditions, Zygote has shown no stress in her GRP. She does show some stress in her 316 stainless steel chainplates. And I am working towards replacing those chainplates. I do not attribute the stress in the chainplates to the rig tensions.
Cheers
Bil